It's somewhat easily found online that control characters map onto a keyboard easily. Take the numeric value of the control character, add 64, and you get a letter. Press Ctrl and this letter, and you get the control character.
However, one thing I couldn't fine anywhere online was how the F-keys mapped to ASCII. I needed a way to send them over a serial connection, and couldn't find a way.
Turns out that F1 is sent in three bytes; in decimal they are 27, 79, 80. For the other F-keys, the last byte is incremented, up to F4 (27, 79, 83). HyperTerm doesn't seem to send anything if you press F5 and beyond.
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